Vietnam, a captivating country in Southeast Asia, offers an enchanting blend of rich history, vibrant culture, breathtaking natural landscapes, and an incredibly diverse and delicious culinary scene. Stretching along the eastern coast of the Indochinese Peninsula, Vietnam boasts a remarkable geographical diversity, from the towering limestone karsts of Ha Long Bay in the north to the fertile rice paddies of the Mekong Delta in the south, and from ancient imperial cities to modern bustling metropolises. Its compelling history, including centuries of foreign rule and a resilient fight for independence, has shaped a unique national identity that deeply resonates with visitors.
The best times to visit Vietnam are generally during the spring months (March to May) and autumn months (September to February for the North, and potentially extending to April for the South and Central regions). These periods offer comfortable temperatures and less rainfall, making them ideal for sightseeing and outdoor activities. Vietnam has experienced a significant rebound in tourism, with 17.5 million international visitors in 2024, showcasing a 40% increase compared to the previous year and nearly reaching its 2019 peak of 18 million arrivals. This positions Vietnam as third in Southeast Asia for international arrivals, trailing only Thailand and Malaysia. For US citizens, a valid passport and a visa (or pre-approval for a visa on arrival) are mandatory for entry. An e-Visa can be obtained online for a maximum stay of 90 days with multiple entries, offering significant flexibility. Getting around Vietnam is convenient, with options including domestic flights connecting major cities, an extensive train network (including the Reunification Express), intercity buses, and local transport like taxis, ride-hailing services, motorbikes, and the iconic cyclo.
Vietnam’s enduring appeal lies in its ability to offer both profound cultural immersion and exhilarating adventures. Visitors can explore ancient temples, witness vibrant traditional festivals, indulge in world-renowned street food, trek through lush national parks, or simply relax on pristine beaches. The country’s infrastructure continues to develop rapidly for tourism, ensuring a comfortable and memorable journey for all.
Here are ten must-visit tourist destinations that showcase the incredible diversity and allure of Vietnam:
1. Hanoi: The Historic Capital
Hanoi, the elegant capital of Vietnam, is a city steeped in history and culture, offering a captivating blend of ancient traditions and French colonial charm. With its tree-lined boulevards, tranquil lakes, and well-preserved Old Quarter, Hanoi provides a serene yet vibrant atmosphere that reflects centuries of Vietnamese heritage. It serves as a vital starting point for exploring the northern region of Vietnam. In 2024, Hanoi recorded over 28 million tourist arrivals, including 6.65 million international tourists, showcasing its enduring popularity.
The heart of Hanoi lies in its Old Quarter, a labyrinth of narrow streets, each historically dedicated to a specific trade. Here, visitors can wander through bustling markets, browse traditional crafts, and sample a vast array of street food, from the iconic pho to bun cha and egg coffee. The charming architecture of the shophouses and the vibrant street life offer an immersive cultural experience.
Hanoi boasts numerous significant historical and cultural landmarks. Hoan Kiem Lake, a serene oasis at the city’s center, is steeped in legend and features the picturesque Ngoc Son Temple on a small island, accessible by a red wooden bridge. The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum Complex is a revered site dedicated to Vietnam’s revolutionary leader, housing his embalmed body (seasonal viewing restrictions apply). Nearby, the One Pillar Pagoda, with its unique lotus-like design, is an important Buddhist symbol.
The Temple of Literature (Van Mieu – Quoc Tu Giam), Vietnam’s first national university, showcases traditional Vietnamese architecture and honors Confucius and renowned scholars. For an artistic experience, the Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre offers traditional water puppet shows, a unique Vietnamese art form. Hanoi’s blend of profound history, vibrant street life, and charming colonial influences creates an unforgettable urban exploration.
2. Ho Chi Minh City: The Southern Metropolis
Ho Chi Minh City, formerly known as Saigon, is Vietnam’s largest and most bustling metropolis, serving as the economic powerhouse and a vibrant cultural hub of the south. This dynamic city is characterized by its energetic pace, towering skyscrapers, colonial architecture, and a compelling mix of historical sites that tell the story of Vietnam’s tumultuous past and rapid modernization. In 2024, Ho Chi Minh City welcomed 6.1 million international visitors.
The city’s historical landmarks offer deep insights into its past. The War Remnants Museum provides a powerful and often sobering perspective on the Vietnam War (known in Vietnam as the American War) through graphic photography and preserved military equipment. The Reunification Palace (Independence Palace), the former presidential palace of South Vietnam, symbolizes the end of the war and is a fascinating example of 1960s architecture.
French colonial influences are evident in iconic structures like the Notre Dame Cathedral Basilica of Saigon (currently undergoing extensive renovation, so exterior viewing is primarily available), and the Saigon Central Post Office, a grand architectural masterpiece designed by Gustave Eiffel. The Ben Thanh Market is a lively, sprawling market where visitors can find everything from local handicrafts and textiles to fresh produce and a diverse array of street food.
For those interested in the underground networks used during the war, the Cu Chi Tunnels, a vast network of underground tunnels used by Viet Cong soldiers, offer a fascinating and often claustrophobic glimpse into wartime life (located just outside the city). Modern attractions include the Bitexco Financial Tower, which offers panoramic city views from its Saigon Skydeck. Ho Chi Minh City’s vibrant street life, rich history, and world-class culinary scene make it an exhilarating destination.
3. Ha Long Bay: The Emerald Masterpiece
Ha Long Bay, located in northeastern Vietnam, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an absolute natural wonder, renowned for its breathtaking seascape of thousands of towering limestone karsts and islets. Rising dramatically from the emerald waters of the Gulf of Tonkin, these unique formations, sculpted by wind and water over millions of years, create an otherworldly landscape that is a must-see for any visitor to Vietnam. It was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994 and its value further expanded in 2000 and again in 2023 to include the adjacent Cat Ba Archipelago.
The best way to experience Ha Long Bay is by taking a junk boat cruise. These cruises range from day trips to overnight or multi-day excursions, allowing visitors to navigate through the labyrinthine waterways, marvel at the sheer cliffs, and explore hidden caves and grottoes. Popular stops include Sung Sot Cave (Surprise Cave), one of the largest and most impressive caves with stunning stalactites and stalagmites, and Thien Cung Grotto (Heavenly Palace Cave).
Many cruises offer activities such as kayaking or rowboat tours to explore smaller caves and lagoons up close, providing a more intimate experience with the bay’s natural beauty. Swimming in the calm, warm waters and relaxing on secluded beaches like Ti Top Island (which also offers a panoramic viewpoint after a climb) are also popular activities.
The bay’s ethereal beauty is often enhanced by morning mist, creating a mystical atmosphere. Fresh seafood, caught directly from the bay, is a highlight of onboard dining experiences. Ha Long Bay’s unparalleled natural grandeur and tranquil ambiance make it one of Vietnam’s most iconic and unforgettable destinations, a true masterpiece of nature.
4. Hoi An Ancient Town: The Lantern City
Hoi An Ancient Town, located on Vietnam’s central coast, is a remarkably well-preserved example of a Southeast Asian trading port dating from the 15th to 19th centuries. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this charming town captivates visitors with its unique blend of indigenous and foreign influences, evident in its architecture, vibrant culture, and tranquil riverside setting. Its iconic colorful lanterns illuminate the town, creating a magical atmosphere, especially at night.
The town’s historical significance lies in its past as a thriving international trading port, where merchants from China, Japan, and Europe converged. This has resulted in a distinctive architectural style that blends Vietnamese, Chinese, and Japanese designs. The Japanese Covered Bridge, with its unique pagoda on one side, is an iconic symbol of Hoi An. Other notable historical sites include the Assembly Hall of the Fujian Chinese Congregation, with its ornate gate and vibrant interior, and various ancient houses like the Tan Ky Old House, offering a glimpse into the lives of prosperous merchants.
Hoi An is renowned for its vibrant lanterns. Every evening, especially on the 14th day of each lunar month during the Hoi An Lantern Festival, the town transforms into a dazzling spectacle as electric lights are turned off and thousands of colorful silk lanterns illuminate the streets and float on the Thu Bon River. This creates a romantic and enchanting ambiance, perfect for leisurely strolls and photography.
The town is also famous for its tailoring services, offering custom-made clothing at affordable prices, and its delicious local cuisine. Must-try dishes include cao lau (a unique noodle dish), white rose dumplings, and banh mi (Vietnamese baguette sandwich). Cooking classes are also popular. Hoi An’s timeless charm, rich history, and captivating beauty make it an unforgettable destination.
5. Da Nang: The Coastal Gateway
Da Nang, a dynamic coastal city in central Vietnam, has rapidly emerged as a modern and appealing tourist destination, serving as a convenient gateway to the region’s cultural treasures and natural wonders. With its long stretches of beautiful beaches, impressive bridges, and proximity to other UNESCO World Heritage Sites, Da Nang offers a perfect blend of urban development, relaxation, and adventure.
The city’s extensive coastline is a major draw. My Khe Beach, known for its soft white sand, calm waters, and picturesque palm trees, is consistently ranked among the most beautiful beaches in the world. It’s an ideal spot for swimming, sunbathing, and enjoying fresh seafood from beachfront restaurants. Non Nuoc Beach is another popular option.
Da Nang’s modern architectural marvels are also captivating. The Dragon Bridge, a spectacular bridge spanning the Han River, is an iconic symbol of the city. On weekend evenings, its dragon head breathes fire and spits water, drawing large crowds. The Golden Bridge (Cau Vang), located in the Ba Na Hills mountain resort (easily accessible from Da Nang), has gained international fame for its unique design, appearing to be held up by two giant stone hands, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding mountains.
Beyond the city, Da Nang provides easy access to several cultural and natural attractions. The Marble Mountains, a cluster of five limestone and marble hills, are home to numerous caves, grottoes, pagodas, and temples, offering panoramic views. The Cham Museum showcases a remarkable collection of Cham sculpture and artifacts. Da Nang’s strategic location makes it an excellent base for day trips to Hoi An Ancient Town (about 30 minutes away) and the ancient ruins of My Son Sanctuary. With its beautiful beaches, modern landmarks, and cultural proximity, Da Nang offers a well-rounded and exciting travel experience.
6. Hue: The Imperial City
Hue, located in central Vietnam along the Perfume River, served as the imperial capital of the Nguyen Dynasty for 143 years (1802-1945), making it a city profoundly rich in history, culture, and majestic architecture. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that offers a captivating glimpse into Vietnam’s feudal past, with its grand palaces, elaborate tombs, and ancient pagodas.
The most prominent attraction in Hue is the Imperial City (Dai Noi), a sprawling walled citadel that housed the emperors, their families, and the imperial administration. Within its massive walls, visitors can explore the Forbidden Purple City (the emperor’s private residence), the Thai Hoa Palace (the throne hall), and various temples, gates, and courtyards, all meticulously restored after suffering damage during past conflicts.
Beyond the Imperial City, Hue is famous for its elaborate imperial tombs, scattered along the Perfume River in the surrounding countryside. Each tomb is a unique architectural masterpiece, reflecting the personality and philosophy of the emperor it was built for. Notable tombs include the Tomb of Minh Mang, known for its harmonious design and beautiful gardens, and the Tomb of Khai Dinh, distinguished by its intricate mosaic work and blend of Vietnamese and European architectural styles. The Tomb of Tu Duc offers a poetic and serene setting.
The Thien Mu Pagoda, an iconic seven-story pagoda standing majestically on the banks of the Perfume River, is one of Hue’s most famous spiritual symbols. A dragon boat cruise along the Perfume River is a popular way to visit the pagoda and some of the imperial tombs, offering scenic views and a tranquil experience. Hue’s profound historical significance, majestic architecture, and serene riverside setting make it an essential destination for understanding Vietnam’s royal heritage.
7. Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park: Cave Kingdom
Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, located in Quang Binh Province in central Vietnam, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its dramatic karst mountains, vast network of caves, and pristine ancient forests. This geological marvel is a paradise for adventurers and nature enthusiasts, boasting some of the world’s largest and most spectacular caves.
The park is home to over 300 caves and grottoes, many of which are still unexplored. Its most famous resident is Son Doong Cave, discovered in 2009, which is recognized as the largest cave in the world by volume, large enough to fit a 40-story skyscraper inside. Expeditions to Son Doong are multi-day, challenging treks that require significant preparation and are operated by specialized tour companies.
For more accessible caving experiences, the Phong Nha Cave (the park’s namesake) can be explored by boat along its underground river, offering a mesmerizing journey through illuminated stalactites and stalagmites. Paradise Cave (Thien Duong Cave) is another incredibly beautiful dry cave, often described as a “heaven on earth” due to its magnificent and intricately formed stalactite and stalagmite chambers, accessible via wooden walkways.
For adventurous travelers, Dark Cave (Hang Toi) offers a unique combination of caving, mud bathing inside the cave, and zip-lining over the Chay River. The park also features lush jungle treks, river activities like kayaking on the Chay River, and opportunities to explore the beautiful rural landscape of the Bong Lai Valley. Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park offers an unparalleled opportunity to delve into the Earth’s geological wonders and immerse oneself in a pristine natural environment.
8. Sapa: Terraced Rice Fields and Hill Tribes
Sapa, a picturesque mountain town in northwestern Vietnam, near the Chinese border, is renowned for its stunning terraced rice fields, majestic mountain landscapes, and vibrant ethnic minority cultures. It offers a refreshing escape to cooler temperatures and provides a unique opportunity to interact with the diverse hill tribe communities, making it a popular destination for trekkers, culture enthusiasts, and nature lovers.
The most iconic feature of Sapa is its spectacular terraced rice fields, which cascade down the hillsides like giant green staircases, particularly vivid during the planting season (May-June) and harvest season (September-October). Trekking through these fields, often accompanied by local guides from the Hmong, Dao, Tay, or Giay ethnic groups, is the best way to experience the breathtaking scenery and observe traditional farming practices.
Fansipan Mountain, known as the “Roof of Indochina,” is Vietnam’s highest peak at 3,143 meters (10,312 feet). While it offers challenging treks, a modern cable car system now provides easy access to its summit, allowing visitors to enjoy panoramic views without a strenuous climb. The summit area features a complex of pagodas and Buddha statues.
Sapa town itself is a bustling hub with a mix of traditional markets, local eateries, and guesthouses. The Sapa Market is a lively place to buy local handicrafts, textiles, and traditional clothing. Exploring the various ethnic minority villages such as Cat Cat, Lao Chai, and Ta Van offers a deeper insight into their unique customs, languages, and way of life. The cooler climate and often misty landscapes add to Sapa’s ethereal charm, providing a distinctive and unforgettable cultural and natural experience in Vietnam.
9. Phu Quoc Island: Vietnam’s Tropical Paradise
Phu Quoc Island, located off the southwestern coast of Vietnam, in the Gulf of Thailand, is rapidly gaining recognition as Vietnam’s premier tropical paradise. Known for its pristine white-sand beaches, lush national parks, and vibrant marine life, it offers a luxurious yet accessible island escape perfect for relaxation, water sports, and exploring natural beauty. The island was highlighted by Agoda as a top destination in 2024, with accommodation searches soaring by 266 percent.
The island boasts several stunning beaches. Sao Beach (Bai Sao) is one of the most famous, celebrated for its powdery white sand, calm turquoise waters, and picturesque palm trees, making it ideal for swimming and sunbathing. Long Beach (Bai Truong) is another popular stretch, lined with resorts, restaurants, and bars, offering beautiful sunsets. The remote Starfish Beach (Rach Vem) in the north is known for its clear waters and abundance of starfish.
Phu Quoc is also a fantastic destination for snorkeling and scuba diving, with clear waters and diverse coral reefs teeming with marine life, particularly around the southern An Thoi archipelago. Visitors can take boat tours to explore uninhabited islets and enjoy underwater exploration.
The island’s development as a major tourist hub includes world-class attractions. The Hon Thom Cable Car, part of the Sun World Hon Thom Nature Park, is the longest overseas cable car in the world, stretching nearly 7.9 kilometers (4.9 miles), connecting Phu Quoc to Hon Thom Island and offering breathtaking aerial views. VinWonders Phu Quoc, a massive amusement park, and Vinpearl Safari Phu Quoc, a large wildlife conservation park, provide extensive family entertainment. The Phu Quoc Night Market offers a vibrant atmosphere to sample local street food and fresh seafood. Phu Quoc’s blend of luxurious resorts, pristine nature, and diverse entertainment makes it a compelling tropical escape.
10. Mekong Delta: The Rice Bowl of Vietnam
The Mekong Delta, a vast and fertile region in southwestern Vietnam, is often referred to as the “rice bowl of Vietnam” due to its lush rice paddies and extensive network of rivers and canals. This unique region offers a fascinating glimpse into rural Vietnamese life, characterized by floating markets, traditional villages, fruit orchards, and a deep connection to the mighty Mekong River. It provides a stark contrast to the bustling cities and a serene, culturally rich experience.
Exploring the Mekong Delta is primarily done by boat, as the waterways serve as the lifeblood of the region. Visitors can embark on a leisurely boat cruise along the major rivers and smaller canals, observing daily life unfold along the banks. The vibrant floating markets, such as Cai Rang Floating Market near Can Tho, are a highlight, where locals buy and sell fresh produce directly from their boats. It’s a bustling and colorful spectacle, especially in the early mornings.
Tours often include visits to local fruit orchards, where visitors can sample tropical fruits like rambutan, durian, and mango directly from the trees. Traditional workshops showcasing local crafts, such as coconut candy production in Ben Tre or rice paper making, offer insights into the region’s cottage industries. Homestays in local villages provide an authentic cultural immersion, allowing visitors to experience rural life firsthand.
The Mekong Delta also offers opportunities for cycling through peaceful villages, exploring picturesque rice paddies, and enjoying the tranquility of the countryside. The region’s unique ecosystem, deeply intertwined with the river’s flow, supports a rich biodiversity. The Mekong Delta offers a tranquil and authentic Vietnamese experience, inviting visitors to connect with the land, its people, and its unique water-based lifestyle.
For Filipino explorers, Vietnam represents one of Asia’s most captivating travel experiences. Verify if your personal favorite Asian destination is among those highlighted.
Concluding Thoughts
Vietnam is a country that truly delivers an unforgettable travel experience, captivating visitors with its unparalleled blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. From the ancient charm of Hanoi and the dynamic energy of Ho Chi Minh City to the iconic limestone karsts of Ha Long Bay and the enchanting lanterns of Hoi An, each destination offers a unique and profound insight into the soul of this resilient nation. The stunning beaches and modern landmarks of Da Nang, the imperial grandeur of Hue, the geological wonders of Phong Nha-Ke Bang, and the picturesque rice terraces of Sapa further solidify Vietnam’s appeal. The tropical allure of Phu Quoc Island and the serene waterways of the Mekong Delta round out a truly diverse and enriching journey. With its warm hospitality, incredibly flavorful and affordable cuisine, and steadily improving infrastructure, Vietnam is not just a place to visit; it is an experience to savor, leaving travelers with cherished memories and a deep desire to explore more of its hidden gems.
